Manufactured by the New England Westinghouse Company under contract with the Imperial Russian government to supplement the low numbers of small arms possessed by the Russian armed forces. After the outbreak of the October Revolution, the Russian monarchy fell and the resulting government defaulted on their orders for rifles from American companies claiming the rifles were of poor quality. In reality, the Russians had neither the necessary funds nor willingness to pay. Inverted "V" blade front and adjustable notch rear sights (with the increments correctly graduated in the old Russian arshun units), standard "imperial eagle" crest above the Westinghouse maker's mark on the barrel and "1915" contract year marking, hex receiver, and polished straight handle bolt. The bolt components and other small parts are stamped with the Westinghouse "M/arrow" marking. Smooth American black walnut stock with grasping grooves, smooth steel buttplate, and "1111" embossed collection/museum inventory plastic label near the toe. With unmarked socket spike bayonet.